Influence of Atmospheric Electric Fields on the Radio Emission from Extensive Air Showers

T. N. G. Trinh, O. Scholten, S. Buitink, A. M. van den Berg, A. Corstanje, U. Ebert, J. E. Enriquez, H. Falcke, J. R. Hörandel, C. Köhn, A. Nelles, J. P. Rachen, L. Rossetto, C. Rutjes, P. Schellart, S. Thoudam, S. ter Veen, and K. D. de Vries KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University Groningen, P.O. Box 72, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands Interuniversity Institute for High Energies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI), P.O. Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands NIKHEF, Science Park Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Institute of Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, P.O. Box 20 24, Bonn, Germany DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 328, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA (Received 10 August 2015; published 19 January 2016)